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55 lessons · Showing 13–24
Use cross-ex answers in your rebuttal
Explain how an actual answer strengthens or limits a case.
Answer the strongest objection
Restate the opposing reason fairly and respond to its substance.
Find a missing assumption
Identify the inference that an opposing conclusion depends on.
Concede and respond
Accept a supported point while defending what remains of your case.
Defend your reasoning
Repair a challenged link with a reason that actually answers the objection.
Handle multiple objections
Group related challenges and answer the points that could defeat your case.
Turn an opposing argument
Explain when an opponent’s reason supports your side, and when it does not.
Match evidence to a claim
Choose support that measures what your claim says.
Check a source
Trace a claim to its original evidence and inspect the method.
Separate facts from predictions
Distinguish an observation, forecast, and value judgment.
Interpret statistics
Keep denominators, units, and comparison periods intact.
Test causal claims
Look for comparison groups, alternative causes, and the proposed mechanism.
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